In a world where sustainability and renewable energy are at the forefront of environmental conversations, solar power systems have become the shining star.

In Albuquerque, NM where the sun graces us with its presence year-round, harnessing the power of the sun through solar panels is not just an eco-friendly choice but a smart one as well. But how exactly do solar power systems work, and what do you need to know to get started?

Here at SunState Solar, we aim to explain the basics of solar power systems, shedding light on the sunny world of solar energy.

How Solar Panels Work

At the heart of any solar power system are the solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV) panels. These panels are made up of many individual solar cells, typically composed of silicon. Here’s a simplified breakdown of how they work:

1. Absorption of Sunlight: Solar panels are strategically positioned to capture the sun’s rays throughout the day. When sunlight strikes the solar cells, it triggers a process within the cells. The semiconductors, typically made of silicon, absorb the energy from the photons provided by sunlight. This absorption process energizes the electrons in the silicon, allowing them to break free from their atoms and create an electron flow, generating a direct current (DC) electricity.
2. Inverter Conversion: The direct current (DC) electricity generated by the solar panels is then channeled into an inverter. This critical component of the solar power system serves a fundamental purpose: converting the DC electricity into alternating current (AC) electricity. The inverter ensures that the electricity produced is compatible with the electrical infrastructure of most homes and businesses, as they primarily operate on AC power. We’re here to help you figure out which is the best solar inverter for you.
3. Power Consumption and Grid Connection: Once the electricity is converted into usable AC power, it is transmitted to power the lights, appliances, and devices on your property. Solar energy directly powers the electrical components within your home or business, reducing the reliance on traditional grid electricity. Any surplus electricity that exceeds your property’s energy demands is often directed back into the grid, contributing to the overall energy supply. In many cases, this surplus electricity can earn you credits or financial compensation from your utility company, making solar energy not just a sustainable choice but a potentially profitable one as well.

Types of Solar Power Systems

There are a few common types of solar power systems you can choose from:

1. Grid-Tied Systems: Grid-tied systems are among the most common and popular solar power solutions. These systems are connected to the local utility grid. They harness solar energy during the day, converting it into usable electricity for your property. Grid-tied systems ensure a constant and reliable power supply, as you can seamlessly switch to grid power during the night or on cloudy days when solar panels might not produce sufficient electricity.
2. Off-Grid Systems: In contrast to grid-tied systems, off-grid systems operate independently of the utility grid. They are particularly useful in remote areas where connecting to the grid is either challenging or not financially viable. Off-grid systems rely on energy storage in batteries to store excess electricity generated during the day. This stored energy is then used to power your property when the sun isn’t shining, ensuring a continuous power supply. Off-grid systems are often accompanied by backup power generators to provide electricity during prolonged periods of low sunlight or battery depletion.
3. Grid-Tied with Battery Backup: This type of solar power system combines the benefits of grid-tied systems with the reliability of off-grid setups. While remaining connected to the grid, grid-tied systems with battery backup incorporate energy storage in batteries. These batteries serve as a backup power source during  grid outages or periods of low sunlight. By storing excess energy in batteries, you can ensure a continuous power supply, even when the grid is down. Additionally, this system allows you to sell excess energy back to the grid, offering you a potential source of income while maintaining energy independence and security.

Benefits of Solar Power Systems

Investing in a solar power system offers numerous benefits:

• Energy Cost Savings: One of the most enticing benefits of a solar power system is the potential for substantial energy cost savings. By harnessing the power of the sun, you can significantly reduce your reliance on traditional grid electricity, ultimately leading to lower monthly electricity bills. In some cases, particularly with grid-tied systems, you might even have the opportunity to eliminate your electricity bills entirely, especially when generating surplus energy that can be sold back to the grid for financial compensation. This financial relief contributes to long-term savings and a more stable household budget.
• Environmentally Friendly: Opting for solar energy demonstrates a commitment to environmental sustainability. Solar power is a clean, renewable energy source that produces no greenhouse gas emissions, helping to mitigate the detrimental impact of traditional energy generation on the environment. By reducing your dependence on non-renewable energy sources, you actively contribute to the global effort to combat climate change and promote a cleaner, greener future for generations to come.
• Financial Incentives: Governments and utility companies often provide financial incentives to encourage the adoption of solar energy systems. These incentives may include tax credits, rebates, or grants that help offset the initial installation costs. Taking advantage of these incentives not only makes the transition to solar power more affordable but also enhances the overall financial viability of your investment, leading to a quicker return on investment and long-term economic benefits.
• Increased Property Value: Integrating a solar power system into your property can potentially increase its market value. With the growing emphasis on sustainable living and eco-friendly solutions, properties equipped with solar panels are often perceived as more desirable to prospective buyers. The added appeal of reduced or eliminated energy bills and the environmental benefits associated with solar energy can make your property stand out in a competitive real estate market, attracting environmentally conscious buyers willing to pay a premium for a home with a ready-made sustainable energy solution.

All in all, Solar power systems are a smart, eco-friendly investment that allows you to harness the sun’s abundant energy to power your home or business. Understanding the basics of how solar panels work and the types of solar power systems available is the first step toward making an informed decision. At SunState Solar, we’re here to guide you through every step of your solar journey, from system design to installation.

Schedule a FREE consultation and take advantage of our abundant New Mexico sunshine to start enjoying the benefits of clean, renewable energy today.